along with their respective implications. Finally, I will offer a series of theological proposals on the subject of Adam and atonement. In the end, I will argue that indeed some belief in the historical “Adam” as the head of God’s image bearers is necessary if one wishes to affirm a robust view of Scripture, sin, and the atonement. For these reasons, neither Adam nor the fall can simply be discarded without serious consequences to the logic of redemption. Still, the precise wording of the italicized